Method and mechanism for controlling motors



May 28, 1929.

H. R. HUGHES ET AL METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR CONTROLLING MQTORS Filed April 1'7, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H. R. HUGHES ET AL METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR CONTROLLING MOTORS May 28, 1929f Filed April 17, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 avers/r11 Valve 0/: en f x/ra 0.57"

Revers/n Van/a Ofen fnJfen-rn SIM 0241 5015 Patented May 28, 1929.

UNITE HOWARD R. HUGHES HOWARD B. LEWIS, AND BRUCE BURNS, 0F HOUSTON, TEXAS.

METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR COZtTTROLLING-j MOTORS.

Application filed April 17, 1926. serm No. 102,647.

The present invention relates'to a method of, and apparatus for, controlling a motor. In the operation of a motor that is driven by a fluid or gas under pressure, it is common to provide separate hand-controlled means for accomplishing the forward drive, the reverse drive, and the setting and release of the brakes. The driving of such a motor with skill is only attained by practice, and it also entails annoying manipulation of separate devices.

The general object of this invention is to provide a motor with improved means for controlling it by hand. The .motor or engine to which we have applied our invention is admirably adapted for driving an automobile, and one of the objects ofthe invention is to provide simplecontrolling means for controlling the brakes as well as theengine.

A further object of the invention is to provide control mechanism for the engine which can be operated by a single hand-op erated member which in one position may apply the brakes, and in other position may affect the forward driving of the motor, or in a third position, may drive it in its reverse direction. Itis also desired to control the relief valveto correspond with the functioning of the throttle and the brakes.

Further objects of the invention will appear hereinafter. I v

The invention consists in the method and the mechanism to be" described hereinafter, and in those novel features ofconstruction which contribute to produce aneiflcientcon- 'trol mechanism for a motor or engine.

In the drawing, Fig. 1' is a plan of a chassis of an automobile with a portion of the frame broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan of thecam box with the cover removed and showing the valves which are controlled by thecams, certain parts being broken away. F ig. 3 is a section in a vertical plane through the steering column, I certain .parts'being broken away, and illustrating themeans'for actuating the cam shaft. Fig. 4 is a side elevation showing the four cams which control the relief valve, thebrake,the reversing of the engine and the throttle; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through the brake valve. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the reversing valve. This view is taken in avertical plane and looking toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 v is a longitudinal section through the throttle valve, taken in a vertical plane and. looking toward the eft as viewed in Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is alongitudinal means for most conveniently regulating the valves controlling the steam 'supply'in forwardand reverse operation and instopping.

The mechanism is constructed-fin such a way that a single hand-controlled member completely controls-the operation of the engine or motor, and inan automobileit may.

also control the application. of the brakes. In operation, we. preferto have the brakes applied when the hand controlled member,

-which may be a leveror hand wheel,'is rotating through an intermediate zone; when said member is moved beyond this zone on one side, the engine will become reversed,

and when the member is moved beyond the intermediate zone on the other side, the engine will be driven in a forward direction.

While any suitable valve-mechanism maybe employed, which is capable of being controlled by a single handeoperated means, in the present specification we have described the invention as applied'toan automobile engine of common type, employinga Stephenson link for actuating the automatic valve. Our invention involves anovel met-hodof operation of an engine and consistsinapplying and releasing the brake through the1ntermediate zone of movement-of the ;controlling member, driving the motor in a forwarddirection when the controlling member is on one sideof the braking zone, and driving the engine in a reverse direction when the controlling member is on the other side of the braking zone. 1 Our novel method also may include the maintenance of a neutral zone between the braking Zone and each of the other zones, within which the throttle willfbe closed and the brakes released.

In the drawings, 1 represents the chassis of an automobile whichis driven by a motor 2 in the form of a steamfeng'ine. The engine is supplied with operating fluid or steam from a boiler 3 mounted at a 'forward point on the chassis, A steam pipe 4*, 4* leads the steam to the steam-chest ;of the engine.

he motor 2. is shown only diagramniati cally and may be understood as by any usual type of steam engine having the Stephenson link control. Said link is shifted through a lever connected to a pistonrod 11. the piston on which works ina cylinder 17., Said piston is in forward position to i ward the closed end of the cylinder when 1 the lever 10 and its connecting link are in for example, they maybe air brakes, or hy-.

forward driving position. The piston is held resiliently in that position by the spring 13. The piston may be moved against the action of said spring to throw the lever 10 into reverse position through the admission of steam behind said piston by way of pipe 35, as will be later described.

In order to control the operation of the engine by hand andto control the four-wheel fluid-operated brakes 36'of the automobile, we provide a pipe system 37 which connects with thebrakes. The brakes may be of any directly or indirectly fluid-operated type;

draulic brakesof the lockhead type, or they may be brakes of the commonly called mechanical type with the substitution for the usual hand-lever or foot pedal of a fluidactuated. piston or motor, but we prefer to control their application by steam admitted to the pipe system 37. The pipe system in:

cludes side pipes-38 which extend forwardly, and the forward ends of these pipes are con- 2 nected by flexible tubes 39 with the brakes.

carried on a cam shaft 46 which is rotated at will through a bevel gear-connection 47 i at the foot of-an inner shaft 48 mounted in the steering column 49 and provided with a lever or hand-wheel 50 just above the steer-' ing wheel 51 of the automobile. The cams -43, 44 and-45 are illustrated in detail in Fig. 4, and the valves are-illustrated in detail in Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive.

The brake valve is actuated by a'valve stem 52 and is constructed with a pressure chamberoperating in such a way that the pressure in the pressure chamber builds up according to the amount of movement given to thevalve stem 52. In the present in stance the valve stem 52 is tubular so that it presents a'longitudinal bore 01 passage 1 53 connected through a flexible connection 54- to the steam pipe'4 This brake valve '--therefore includes a casing 55 with a pressure chamber 56 n which moves a valve member 57 in the form ofa piston fitting in the bore of the casing. 52 slides freely. through a bore 58in the The valve stem valve member 57. A coil spring 60 in the outer end of the pressure chamber 56 exerts its force in a direction to move the valve member 57 against the pressure in the chamber 56 and operates to return the valve member 57 to nm-mah The stem 52 has an annular groove 42 connectingwith a crossport 61. communicating with the tubular passage 53.- In Fig. 5 the stem is in normal position with the brakes released. hen the stem 52 is moved in an outward direction by its cam, the port 61, which comes in communication with a cross passage 62 in the valve member 57, admit-s steam to the pressure chamber 56. This develops a pressure in the pressure chamber 56" and compresses the spring 60 and moves the valve member 57 forward in the same direction in which the stem 52 was. moved to admit the steam. In other words, the action of the pressure chamber is to effect a movement. of the port 62 along with the valve stem in its opening movement until the desired pressure is built up. These features of construction enable thisfvalve to'apply the brakes very lightly or with considerable force, depending upon the amount of movement given to the valve stem;

The pressure chamber 56 is provided with an outlet pipe 63 which connects to the pipe system 37 to carry the steam to the brakes. After applying the brakes'theymay be released by withdrawal of the stem 52 under the action ofits cam, that is to say, by mov-' in the stem in a reverse direction this mo vement connects up exhaust passages 64 in the side of the stem ,with'inclined exhaustpassages 65 in the valve member 57 i These portsare' normally not in communication.

From the exhaust passages 64 the steam passes through cross ports 66 which admit the steam into the interior of'the pressure chamber 56 and at its outer end; from which point the steam passes through an exhaust connection 67, to the exhaust pipe ,68 of the engine. v

The reversing valve is of piston type (see Fig. 6) with two heads 69 and 70; Inthe position in which the valve is shown in Fig.6 the valve permits live steam to flow through a pipe connection 71 lnto the space between the heads and this steam in the open position of the valve passes out through an outlet 72'which1connects to the pipe 35 which has already been referred to and which conducts steam'to the reversing cylinder 17. l/Vhen the valve is'in its closed position the head 70'will be located in the space between the outlet 7 2' and the live steam pipe, and this will permit exhaust back through the pipe 35 and through an outlet73'in the end of the valve which connects to an exhaust branch pipe 74 leading'to the'exhaust manifold 68. The stem 75 of this valve is operated by aslot in its cam 44.

The throttle valve 42 is also of piston type and has two heads 76 and '77. In the open position of the valve shown in Fig. 7, the steam from the engine flows in through the inlet 78 connected to the pipe 4 and flows out through an outlet 79 connected to the pipe 4 In the closed'positoin of the valve the head 77 moves into the space between the inlet 7 8 and outlet 79 and permits the steam in the pipe 4 and'in the steam chest toflow out through a port 80 in the end of the valve casing. I

The valve stem '81 of the throttle valve-is operated by its cam like the valve stems 52 and 75. t r

We provide automatic means for releasing the pressure in'the valve chestafter the throttle is closed and before the brakes are applied. For thispurpose we provide a relief valve 82 (see Figs. 2 and 8). This valve is of piston type and has a single headv 83.

In the closed position of this valve it covers an inlet 84 fromzthe steamchest of the engine and when in its open position this port is uncovered through an outlet 85 which is connected to the exhaust manifold 68 by a branchexhaust pipe 86.

.The inlet 84 to the valve'82 connects bya short vertical branch pipe 87 'with the under side of the pipe 4 (seeFig; 2). yT'his relief valve is operated through its cam 88 slightly in advanceof the operation of the brake. As will be noted from Fig. 4, the cam 88 is adapted throughthe curvature of the cam slot 89, to allow exhaust of pressure from the steam chest, either from thereversc or the forward .zone of movement ofthe control wheel, somewhat before the brakes are applied. The operation ofthe-cams will' bebest understood by referring to the diagram Fig. 9. In this'diagram the circle 93 represents the hand wheel 50 which can rotate the cam shaft 46 through the bevel gear connection 47; andthe pointer 94 on the circle 93 may be considered as a mark on the wheel which indicates thelocation of a lever which the wheel takes the place of. In other words, when the pointer 94 is at the zero. point, as I indicated in Fig. 9, the wheel is in its neutral the branch of the slot 45* in the cam 45 will come into operation and will hold so as to permit exhaust the throttle in its open position, At -the same time the-lower end '44 of theslot in the reversing cam-44'will come'into playand 'will hold the reversing valve in its closed position. This forwardzone is indicated on the "diagram by the word forward and covers the movementof the pointer from an angle of 40 to the right ofthe zero point around to 90. s

In a similar manner, if the-wheel is rotated toward the left the pointer '94.would move. intoaa reversing zonecommencing rat 40-and extending to 90 toward the left. In

.this zone of movement the throttle valve "will be held open by the upper branch :45 of its slot and the reversing valve will be opened by the extension 44*. ofxthe slot of the reversing cam 44. Between the for- Ward zone and the reversing zone-We prefer to allow. a small zone. of. 20 on each sideof the braking zone through which the operation of the engine is not affected brake or throttle. f

What we claim is: i n1. In :aimechanismfor controlling a fluid operated motor having an automatic valve driven from a part of the engine under control of a reversing valve gea-r,the combination of a'throttle valve for governingthe supply of operating fluidto .the motor, a shaft driven by the motor, a brake on said shaft, a single handoperated member, means actuated by thehand operated member for opening and .closing the throttle, means.

actuated 'by'the hand operated member for applying the brake, and means actuated by the hand operatedmemberfor shiftingthe valve gearto reverse the motor.

2. In a mechanism for controlling'za'fluid operated motor, the combination ofa shaft driven by the motor,-a brake on said shaft, a singleihand operated member, means controlled by said hand operated member for applying said brake, and means controlled the motor. 3. In a mechanism 7 operated motor, the combination of a by said hand operated'member for reversingfor controlling a fluid v throttle valve for governing the supply of operating fluid to the motor, a shaft driven by said motor, a brake on "said shaft, a single hand operated member, means controlled'by the said hand operated member for opening and closing said throttle valve, and means controlled by said'hand operated member-for applying the brake. 1

4. In a mechanism for controlling .a fluid operated -motor' having an automatic valve drivenfrom'apart of the engine under control of a reversing-valve gear, the combination of a throttle valve for governing the supply of operating 'fiuid to the-motor, a

single hand operated member, means actu-' ated by the hand operated memberlfor 'o'pening-and OlOSlIlg the throttle, and means-actuated by the hand operated member for shift ing the valve gear to reverse the motor.

v5. In a motor controlling mechanism tor an operated device the combination of brake mechanism, a hand-operated member, valvemechanism tor controlling the supply of operating fluid to the engine and for reversing the same, means'controlled by the handoperated member when in acertain position for applying the brakes, means controlled by the hand-operated member in another position for controlling the valve-mechanism to drive the motor in a forward direction, and means controlled by'the said-hand-operated member when held in another position for controlling the valve-mechanism to drive the motor in a reverse direction.

6. In a motor controlling mechanism an operated device the combination ofbrakemechanism, a-"hand-operated member, means \controlled by the handop-erated member. when 1n mid-posltion for applying the brakes, valve-mechanism for controlling the supply of operating fluid to the-engine and for reversing the same, means for regulating the valve-mechanism to drive the motor in a forward direction-or in a reverse direction and controlled'by the hand-operated member, said hand-operated member operating when held on one side of said mid-position to drive the engine ahead and on the other side of said mid-position to drive the engine in reverse direction. 4 I 7. In a motorcontrolling mechanismfor an operated f device, the combination of brake-mechanism, a hand-operated member,

- means controlled by the hand-operated member when in mid-position for applying the =brakes, valve-mechanism. for controlling the supply of operating fluid to the engine and for reversing the same, means'controlled by the hand-operated member when held on one side of said mid-position for controlling the valve-mechanism. to drive the motor in a;-

forward direction, and means controlled by the hand-operated member when held 011 the other side of said-position'for controlling the valve-mechanism to drive the motor in a reverse direction.

'8. In a motorcontrolling mechanism for. an operated dGVICG the combination of valve mechanism-for controlling the supply of operating 'fluid to the engine and for reversing the same, a whandoperated member,

fluid-operated brake mechanism, means con trolled by said hand-operated member when r i a in oneposition'to admit operating fluid in said motor to drive the same in a forward direction, and when in a-different position tocut ofl said fluid from the motor, and to operate said brake mechanism.

' 9. In anengine controlling mechanism for an operated device the combination of a hand-operated member, a throttle valve for controlling the supply of operating fluid, to

for.

throttle valve, the reversing the steam chest of the engine, fluidactu'ated brake-mechanism, a brake-valve for controlling the same, a relief-valve for exhausting the operating fluid .t'rom the steam chest, means controlled by the hand-operated member for controlling the throttle valve, for

controlling the brake-valve to apply the brakes, and for. actuating the relieitwalve to release the steamfrom the steam chest.

10. In an enginecontrolling mechanism for an operated device, the combination of a hand-operated member, a throttle valve for controlling the supply of operating fluid to the steam chest of thee'ngine, fluid actuated brake-mechanism, a brake-valve for controlling the same, a relief-valve for exhausting the operating fluid from the steam chest, means controlled by the hand-operated member for controlling the throttle valve and l or controlling the-brake valve to apply the brakes, and also for controlling the reliefvalve to actuate the latter and release the steam from the steam chest after the throttle is completely closed.

11. In an engine controlling mechanism for an operated device, the combination of a hand-operated member, a throttle valve for admitting steam to the steam chest of the engine, an automatic valve with valve-mechanism for actuating the same for driving the engine forward and. in reverse, a reversing valve, hand-operated'means for, controlling the throttleand thereversing valve, and means controlled by the reversing valve for shifting the valve-mechanism to reverse the engine. i I

12. In an engine controlling mechanism for an operated device, the combination of anautomatic valve with valve-mechanism for actuating the same by moving part of the engine, a throttle-valve for admitting steam to the steamchest oi the engine, a re- Versing. valve, means actuated thereby .for

valve tor admitting the fluid thereto, a relief valve'for releasing the steam chest pressure, a hand-operated member for controlling the throttle valve, the reversingvalve, the brake-v valve,-and the relief-valve, v

14. In an engine controlling mechanism for an automobile ,or the like, the combination of a'valve for controlling flow ofsteam to the engine, a fiuid actuated brake, a handoperated member adapted when moved in one direction to admit steam to the engine, a brake-valve actuated by the hand-operated memberwhen moved in the other direction, said brake-valve having a pressure chamber 'for the operating fluid with means cooperating therewith to build up pres sure in the pressure chamber to correspond ith the amount of movement or" the hand-operated member'of the brake-valve, and means connecting the brake-valve With ated brake. V I 1 15. In an. engine controlling mechanism for an automobile or the like, the combination'of avalve for controlling flow of steam to the engine, a fluidactuated brake, a handoperated member operating when moved in one direction to'admit steam to the engine, a brake-valve actuated by the hand-operated v member-when moved in the other direction,

said brake-'valve'having a member moved by the hand-operated member and carrying a port for' the operating fluid, said brakeactuated brake, the combination of a valve for controlling "flow of the operating fluid 7 to the brake,-said valve having a hand-operated stem with a port therein-and having a pressure chamber to which the-fluid is admitted through said port, a valve member in said pressure chamber-having a passage to cooperate with the port-and operating soas to be moved by the pressure in the pressure chamber'in the same direction that the stem moves to admit the fluid to the pressure chamber, and means for connecting the pre's- I sure chamber to the brake. a a

17'. In an engine controlling mechanism for an automobile or the like, having'a fluidactuated brake,'the combination of a valve forcontrolling flow of the operating fluid to the brake, said valve having a handoperated stem with a port therein and having a pressure chamber to which thefluid is admitted through said port, a valve member in said pressure chamberhaving a passage to=cooperate With the port and operating so as to be-movedby the pressure'inthe pressure chamber in thesame directionthat the stem moves toadmit the'fiuid t'd-the pres; sure chamber, a sp'ring resisting themevenentof-the valve-member under the action of the pressure in the pressure chamber, and

means for connecting the pressure chamber to the brake.- I I 18. In an engine controllingumechanism for an automobile, or the like, having a fluidactuated brake, thecombination of a' brakevalve with a hand-operated valve-member carrying a port, said valve having a pressure chamber to which the fluid is'admitted' through said port, a fluid-actuated valve .member in said pressure chamber having a passage to cooperate with the port and op? erating so as to be moved by the pressure in the pressure chamber in the same direction as the hand-operated valve-member when the latter is movedtoadmitfluidto,

the pressure chamber, means. for connecting the pressure chamber to the brake, said handoperated valve member and said pressure operatedvalve member havingexhaust ports to cooperate. when thehand-ojperated valve member is moved in reverse ,direction to release thefiuid pressureon the brake.

19. In an engine controlling mechanism for an automobile, or the like, having a fluid-actuated brake, the combination of a valve casing having a pressure chamber thereinand a fluid-operated valve member movinggin said "pressure chamber, a spring for" resistingth'e movement 3 of the valvemember under the action *of the pressure,

said valve member having an inlet passage for the operating fluid, a: hand-operated valve-member having a port to communidirection as the fluid-operated valve-member moves under thesaction of-thepressure,

means connecting the pressure chamberto the. brake for applying the same,sa1d pres-.

cate with the inlet passage by a movement of.

the hand-operated valve-member in the saidsure operated valve-member and said hand-wv operated valve member having exhaust ports to cooperate by movement of the hand -operated valve member in-a reverse direction to exhaust thefiuid pressureifrom the brake.-

20. In an engine a controlling mechanism for an automobile, or the l1ke,the combination of an automatic valve with'valve-mechs w anism for actuating the same, a hand operated member, a cam-shaft actuated thereby, a

mobile, a reversing cylinder With means throttle valve for admitting steam to,:the ste'am chest of the engine, a brake-valve; for admitting steam to the brakesofthe auto-' connecting the same with the .valve-mecha-.

nism toreverse the engine, reversing valve for admitting steam l to therevers ng cylinder, said cam-shaft "having" a cam for actuating the throttle valve, a'cam for-actuatingthe brake-valve, and a cam for actu ating the reversing valve,"whereby-albeit} said valves'are controlled by-the same hand e;

operatedmember.

21. In" an engine'-controlling'jmechanismi versing valve, whereby all of said valves are controlled by the samehand-operated member and a relief-valve for releasnw the steam 7 b 7 pressure in the steam-chest.

22. Ina motor controlling mechanism for.

an automobile, or the like, the combination of a hand-operated member mounted to rotate, brake-mechanism, means actuated by the hand-operated member through an intermediate zone for releasing the steam pres sure in the steam chest and then applying the brake, means actuated by the hand-operated member when moved through a zone for driving the motor in a forward direction, and means actuated by the hand-operatedmember whenmoving through a. zone 7 on the other side of themtermedmte zone.

for driving the motor in a reverse direction. 23. In a motor controllmg'mechamsm for an automobile, orv the like, the combination of a hand-operated member mounted to rotate, a cam-shaft,brake mechanism, a cam on the cam-shaft for controlling the brakemechanism, a reversing cam on the cam-. shaft, means actuated thereby for reversing the motor, a brake cam on they cam shaft,

1 means actuated thereby for controlling the I direction.

brakes of the automobile, said cams constructed and operating so that when the rotatable hand-operated member is moving through an intermediate zone, the brakes "will be apphedand when the same is moving through aszone at one side ol the intermedi'at'e. zone, the motor will be driven in a reverse direction, and'when rotated through a zoneon the other side of the intermediate zone the motor will be driven in a forward 24. In an engine controlling mechanism for an automobile, or the like, the combina-v l'tlOIi of an automatic valve with valve-m1 ch-- anism for actuating the same, a handbperated member, a throttle valve for admitting steam to-the steam-chest oi: the engine, a

fluid operated brake; mechanism, av brakevalve for admitting steami-to the brake mechanism, a reversing'cylinder, with means "connecting, the same with the valve-meek;

anism toreverse ithe engine, a reversing valve for adm1tt1ng'steam to the reverslngcylinder, and connections between said hand-operated member and said valves whereby said valves may be selectively controlled.

25. In an engine controlling mechanism' for an automobile, or the like, the combina- 'tion of an automatic valve with valve mechanism for actuating the same, a hand-Opel ated member, a throttle valve for admitting steam to the steam-chest of the engine, a

fluid-operated brake mechanism, a brake valve for admitting steam to the said brake mechanism, and connections between said hand-operated member and said throttle valveand brake valve, wherebysaidvalves' may be operated. I

26. In amotor controlling mechanism for anautomobile, or the like, the combination of an automatic valve for the motor with valve mechanism for actuating the same, a fluid pressure device, a valve for'the fluid pressure. device, brake mechanism, a handoperated member with means actuated therefor applying the brakes whenthe same is moved m one direction, and means actuated by the hand-operated member when moved in the opposite direction to open the valve. and admit fluid to the fluidpressure device,and means connecting the fluid pressure device with thesaid valve-mechanism to reverse the same;

27. In a motor controlling mechanism for an automobile, or the like, the combination of an automatic valve for themotor with valve mechanismior actuating thesame, a-j

fluid pressure device, a valve for the fluidpressure device, brake-mechan1sm,'a handoperated member with means actuated there by for applying the-brakes when the same is moved'in one direction, andmeans actuated by the hand-operated member when moved in the opposite direction to open the valve and admit fluid to the fluid pressure'device, a lever connected with the said valve-mechanism to regulate the same, and means connecting the fluid pressure device with the lever to reverse the'valve-mechanism.

" 28. In;a controlling mechanism for arr automobileengine having a Stephenson re ver-sing link, the combination of brake-mech- "anism, a hand-operated member, an auto- .1153... 1 Stephenson link, a fluid pressuredevice,

matic valve .for the engine actuated by the means controlled by the hand operated mem' ber when moved in one direction toapply the brakes, a valve for the fluid pressure ,device controlled by the hand-operated;member so as to open when the hand-operated member 1s moved in the opposlte d rect1on, and

into reverse position. 29. The method of speed motor and the brake-mechanism of an automobile having a singlerotatable hand-v controlling a variable -m eans connectingthe fluid pressure device with the Stephenson linkto shift 'thesame operated member for controlling the, same,

whichconsists in applying and releasing the brake through an intermediate zone of movement of the member, driving the motor in'a forward direction and at continually increasing speed through a zone of movement for the controlling member on one side of the braking zone and driving the motor in a reverse direction and at continually increasing speed through a zone of movement for the controlling member on the other side of the braking zone.

' 30. The method of controlling" a variable speed motor and the brakemechanism of an automobile having a single member for controlling the same, Which consists in applying and releasing the brake through an intermediate zone of movement of the member,

driving the motor in a. forward direction and at continually increasing speed through a zone of movement for the controlling memher on one side of the braking zone, and

driving the motor in' a reverse direction and 2 at continually increasing speed through a zone of movement for the controlling member on the other side of the braking zone.

In'testimony whereof, we hereunto affix I our signatures this the 10th day of April, 5 

